Not nice, Mr. Powell! Gold prices fell more than 1 percent after your comments as the Federal Reserve’s new chairman. What did you say – and what are the implications for the precious metals market?
As We Warned, Powell Is More Hawkish
We have been alerting investors about the hawkish turn at the FOMC for a long time. For example, in the Gold News Monitor on February 13, we wrote that Powell could move faster on normalization than Yellen, as the macroeconomic conditions had become more favorable. As the Fed Chairman pointed out during his first testimony to the House Financial Services Committee:
While many factors shape the economic outlook, some of the headwinds the U.S. economy faced in previous years have turned into tailwinds: In particular, fiscal policy has become more stimulative and foreign demand for U.S. exports is on a firmer trajectory.
Exactly. Fiscal policy became more accommodative, the GDP growth accelerated, the U.S. dollar weakened, strengthening exports. Inflation ticked up and the composition of the FOMC changed and now includes more hawks than in 2017. In such an environment, Powell has no choice but to adopt a more firm position. If such a stance finally manages to strengthen the greenback, gold may suffer.
Gradual Tightening Remains, but…
Surely, Powell will continue Yellen’s policy of gradual normalization. The paragraph most highlighted by the media underlined the balance between allowing the economy to grow more without triggering a bust and preventing overheating:
In gauging the appropriate path for monetary policy over the next few years, the FOMC will continue to strike a balance between avoiding an overheated economy and bringing PCE price inflation to 2% on a sustained basis.
Powell also added further gradual increases in the federal funds rate will be the best policy stance. So brace yourselves for an interest rate hike in March and two further increases later this year. At least two. Will gold survive them?
…we Could See 4 Hikes in 2018
Powell will generally continue the gradual tightening. But it may be a bit faster than under Yellen. In 2017, the Fed raised the federal funds rate three times. This is still the consensus among Fed officials. But Powell – accidentally or not – hinted at a fourth hike. Responding to Rep. Carolyn Maloney, who asked what would cause the Federal Reserve to hike more than the three times that the central bank’s guidance currently calls for, he said:
Thank you, Ms. Maloney. You’re right that every quarter, every participant in the FOMC submits a projection of what they feel is going to happen to the economy and also their projection for appropriate monetary policy. And at the December meeting, the median participant called for three rate increases in 2018. Now since then – we will submit another projection, all of us, in three weeks – but since then, what we’ve seen is incoming data that suggests that strengthening in the economy. We’ve seen continuing strength in the labor market. We’ve seen some data that will, in my case, add some confidence to my view that inflation is moving up to target. We’ve also seen continued strength around the globe, and we’ve seen fiscal policy become more stimulative. So I think each of us is going to be taking the developments since the December meeting into account and writing down our new rate paths as we go into the March meeting, and I wouldn’t want to prejudge that. (…) My personal outlook for the economy has strengthened since December,” he said. “I wouldn’t want to prejudge that new set of projections, but we’ll be taking into account everything that has happened since December.”
At first glance, Powell didn’t say anything extraordinary. But our impression is that he hinted that a fourth hike is definitely on the table. Thus, gold may struggle until the hike arrives.
Implications for Gold
Powell delivered his debut testimony before Congress as the Fed Chairman. He presented an upbeat view on the economy and opened the door to four interest rate hikes in 2018 (we have been warning about such a possibility for a long time). He also expressed less concern about inequality and the performance of the stock market, pointing out that “the stock market is not the economy” and that “despite the recent volatility, financial conditions remain accommodative.”
In effect, the market is now pricing a 83 percent chance of a rate hike in March. The U.S. dollar strengthened and gold prices declined, as one can see in the chart below.
Chart 1: Gold prices in 2018 (London P.M. Fix, in $).
It may be just a short-term move. But after Powell’s first public appearance as the Fed Chair, investors are now more certain what to expect from the new FOMC, namely that the Fed will be more hawkish this year. It should be supportive for the greenback and negative for gold. The question now is whether it will be enough to outweigh the impact of unsound fiscal and trade policies of the U.S. government (the support for the dollar from higher interest rates has weakened recently, as investors shift their focus to the U.S. twin deficit). And Powell will testify today before the Senate, so he will have a chance to modify his stance. Stay tuned!
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Disclaimer: Please note that the aim of the above analysis is to discuss the likely long-term impact of the featured phenomenon on the price of gold and this analysis does not indicate (nor does it aim to do so) whether gold is likely to move higher or lower in the short- or medium term. In order to determine the latter, many additional factors need to be considered (i.e. sentiment, chart patterns, cycles, indicators, ratios, self-similar patterns and more) and we are taking them into account (and discussing the short- and medium-term outlook) in our trading alerts.
Thank you.
Arkadiusz Sieron, Ph.D.
Sunshine Profits‘ Gold News Monitor and Market Overview Editor
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